Curtin University researchers claim to have identified a new, cheaper and more efficient electrocatalyst to make green hydrogen from water that could one day open new avenues for large-scale clean energy production.
Typically, scientists have been using precious metal catalysts, such as platinum, to accelerate the reaction to break water into hydrogen and oxygen. The Curtin researchers found that adding nickel and cobalt to cheaper, previously ineffective catalysts enhances their performance, which lowers the energy required to split the water and increases the yield of hydrogen.
“Our research essentially saw us take two-dimensional iron–sulfur nanocrystals, which don’t usually work as catalysts for the electricity-driven reaction that gets hydrogen from water, and add small amounts of nickel and cobalt ions,” said lead researcher Dr Guohua Jia. “When we did this, it completely transformed the poor-performing iron–sulfur into a viable and efficient catalyst.”
Dr Jia said this discovery, described in the journal Nano Energy, could have far-reaching implications for sustainable green fuel generation in the future.
“Using these more abundant materials is cheaper and more efficient than the current benchmark material, ruthenium oxide, which is derived from ruthenium element and is expensive,” he said.
“Our findings not only broaden the existing ‘palette’ of possible particle combinations, but also introduce a new, efficient catalyst that may be useful in other applications.
“It also opens new avenues for future research in the energy sector, putting Australia at the forefront of renewable and clean energy research and applications.”
Dr Jia said the next steps would be to expand and test the team’s work on a larger scale to test its commercial viability.
“Only 21% of energy is produced from renewables in the national energy market, which clearly indicates more efforts are required from Australia to make a transition from fossil fuels to clean energy,” he said.
“But this shift is only possible when the knowledge from the research sector gets translated into real-world solutions and applications in the energy sector.”
